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I'm a product person. There are many, many key decisions in the life of a product that make it what it is, but few decisions are more critical or more impactful to the product and its go to market motion than pricing. Product Managers spend endless hours debating the merits and flaws of pricing models. In fact, a great way to initiate a denial of service attack against your PM team is to constantly start up new debates about pricing models.

I've been waiting with great anticipation for Splunk to unveil the new pricing model it's been hinting at on its earnings calls and elsewhere. Of all the pricing models in the world, there is none I have spent more time studying than daily ingestion volume. I spent five years as a product management leader at Splunk, and while I was there we debated this topic endlessly. We picked Daily Ingestion for Cribl LogStream because I believe consumption models are fair to both parties and they're incredibly cloud friendly. I've argued for and against many different models: ingestion, per search, per core, per node, per user, and more. It's no shock to anyone that concerns about cost are paramount to Splunk customers, and there has been no shortage of criticism far and wide about the daily ingestion volume pricing metric. So, it's pretty damned big news that yesterday, Splunk unveiled a per-core pricing model at their event 'Bring Data to Everything.'

First of all, as a Splunk partner we could not be more excited to see Splunk continue to be willing to make potentially huge changes to its business model. More pricing options are good for the customers. For some customers, this new model could dramatically impact the solution cost. It's great to see Splunk, now a massive company, listening to the market and its customers. Splunk couldn't have gotten to where it is today without a killer product providing a ton of value to its customers. However, pricing models and especially changes to them are primarily about the enterprise sales process and giving the salesforce more tools to overcome objections. Offering additional models should not be confused with lowering prices. Changing models, for most customers, will offer at best marginal benefits.

In any product, how you charge drives all kinds of incentives and disincentives. Consider a few alternatives for Splunk's pricing model. Charging by users is predictable and tied directly to growth for the company, but tends to lead to high per unit costs and strong incentives to cheat by sharing logins. Charging by employee count has recently gained traction in newer startup offerings, which allows for unlimited ingest, but it requires the customer to license the entire company in the first year deal and leads to high land costs. Per query or per search licensing also allows for unlimited ingest, but directly disincentivizes actually using the data and getting value from it. Per core too allows for unlimited ingest, but actively incentivizes starving the systems of resources to control cost and could also disincentivize vendors from making big performance improvements.

None of these models is right or wrong. Each model will change fundamentally how the product is sold and consumed by its customers. It's quite a good sign to see a vendor like Splunk offering multiple models, because it gives customers the ability to optimize for themselves depending on their unique circumstances. However, the new model didn't come along with much material about how this model will benefit or won't based on a customer's circumstances. I'll attempt to analyze different scenarios to see if your workload might benefit from per core licensing. Since the new metric is tied directly to the number of cores a customer needs to run Splunk, we need to first examine what drives the total size in cores of a customer's install.

There are two primary dimensions which will drive the total number of nodes, and thusly number of cores, needed in a Splunk Enterprise installation: daily ingestion volume and expected query volume. To determine which model might be better for a given workload, we need to examine that install based on those two dimensions. This analysis assumes that Splunk is going to set its per core unit based on a nominal installation of Splunk, something like the Splunk Reference Architecture, where 1 to 2 cores per machine are handling ingestion and the remaining are processing search/query workloads.

I'll divide the problem space up into 4 quadrants for easier discussion.

Let's examine these four scenarios:

• Low Volume, Low Queries (Orange): If you're here, adoption is poor, and you probably think Splunk is a really expensive way to grep logs
• Low Volume, High Queries (Red): The new model will penalize you heavily, you're already as good as it gets
• High Volume, High Queries (Blue): Splunk is highly utilized! Congrats! With both metrics maximized, unlikely one or another will change pricing materially
• High Volume, Low Queries (Green): This is where the model can make a huge difference.

Daily Ingestion volume is already pretty well understood, and anyone considering making a change likely is looking to understand their query workload to understand where they might fit on this chart. There are a number of factors that drive query volume. Large scheduled workloads, especially for the premium apps like Enterprise Security and IT Service Intelligence, drive high query workloads. High numbers of saved searches for alerting or large numbers of real time searches drive high query workloads. Large numbers of active users drive high query workloads.

Activate or Upgrade Your Splunk Enterprise License If you've downloaded the latest version of Splunk and are ready to upgrade your Enterprise trial, it's time to take the next step. Purchase a license by contacting Splunk. Pricing is based on the peak daily volume of raw uncompressed data indexed. Splunk Enterprise infrastructure license An Enterprise license based on vCPU usage does not currently violate. Splunk Enterprise trial license If you generate five or more warnings in a rolling 30-day period, you are in violation of your license. Splunk Enterprise continues to index your data, but you cannot search it. Use this AMI to take Splunk for a test drive, or as the basis for your Enterprise-level deployment. The Splunk Enterprise AMI ships with a fully-featured trial license that is valid for 60 days after launch. After the trial expires, your deployment will default to Splunk Free. I have installed Splunk Enterprise trial version in the past to learn how to use Splunk. Now, I have been invited for Splunk trainings, but before you can enter paid trainings you need to accomplish the course 1 fundamentals training which consist of 13 modules where you need a Splunk.

The use cases most likely to see lower query workloads are where Splunk is used as an online archive or primarily as an investigation tool without much scheduled workload. Additionally, if your users don't particularly care about performance, you can likely ingest a lot more data but have a much poorer performing system with this license model. If your use case can be optimized for ingestion processing with low search volumes or longer query times, you could be a huge beneficiary of this model.

No matter which pricing metric you choose, total cost of a machine data tool is still a function of data volume. Infrastructure for the solution is a direct function of volume. Processing workloads for ingestion increase with volume. Query times lengthen with more data and require more cores to process more data. However, value is not a function of data volume.

There are numerous techniques for maximizing the value of your log analytics tool by removing noise and maximizing information density. Aggregation and converting logs to metrics can vastly reduce query times and data storage requirements. Deduplicating streams of data can remove a ton of noise in the log stream. Dynamic Sampling can allow you to get accurate aggregations and still drill into raw data on a fraction of the overall data volume.

In our experience, big savings can often be achieved using the most simple technique of all: removing unnecessary information. Half of all log data is simply junk. Uninteresting events can be dropped entirely. One of our customers uses ingestion enrichment to drop DNS logs to the top 1000 domains, cutting 1TB of daily ingestion to 50GB of highly security relevant data. Uninteresting fields in log events can be easily removed. One of our customers cut 7TB/Day of endpoint logs to 3TB just by dropping fields they weren't using. In many cases, just using our out of the box content for removing the explanatory paragraph in Windows Event Logs, removing fields set to null in Cisco eStreamer logs, or dropping unused fields from Palo Alto firewall logs can free up huge capacity for more valuable use cases.

Cribl LogStream does all of this out of the box today and can be placed transparently in your ingestion pipeline to work with the data before it's indexed in Splunk. If what you are looking to do is maximize your investment in your existing tooling like Splunk, we can deliver value to your organization very quickly.

We're super excited to see Splunk offering its customers new options. If you're in the right circumstances, you might see a big difference in price with a different model. But, 100% of people considering switching pricing models to control costs can more predictably and effectively maximize the value of their solution by optimizing their data stream to remove noise. If you'd like help achieving that, Cribl LogStream can really help Splunk customers maximize their investment in Splunk, while also giving administrators new capabilities to unify their ingestion pipeline and send data wherever might be best for it to be analyzed. We'd love to chat with you.

From Splunk Wiki

This guide is for help with the overall tasks needed to install Splunk in a Distributed Deployment suitable for the Enterprise, e.g. an Enterprise Security Use Case

Summary

The following guide has been assembled to provide a checklist for and considerations for the Installation and Configuration of Enterprise Security.This guide is NOT an authoritative or complete guide, see docs.splunk.com for latest and authoritative reference, here at latest Enterprise Security manual [1]

Splunk provides detailed documentation on each subject and we strongly encourage all Splunk Administrators to read the documentation relevant to the topic at hand at docs.splunk.com as the final reference and latest information. When you get stuck, Splunk has a large free support infrastructure that can help:

1. Splunk Answers [2]
2. Splunk Docs [3]
3. Splunk Community http://blogs.splunk.com/tag/community/
4. Splunk Community Wiki [4]
5. The Splunk Internet Relay Chat (IRC) channel (EFNet #splunk). (IRC client required)

(Chrome try the Kiwi Extension or Mibbit)If you still don't have an answer to your question, you can get in touch with Splunk's support by opening a case. When you open a case please include a diag file to help with troubleshooting from the affected system.

Before Starting Here are the KEY references you will need:Review these links for the latest Splunk App for Enterprise Security information:

1. ES manual http://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/ES/latest/Install/Overview
2. Splunk Education for ES Training - CIRT / CSOC etc. http://www.splunk.com/view/SP-CAAAH9S

Before Installing Enterprise Security - Splunk Core:

• Develop a Splunk data collection topology with Splunk Professional Services and Support, you can get help with all of these items and more. Contact Splunk Professional Services.

Have a Splunk Core Deployment in place:Make sure hardware or virtual machines are sized for the deployment and install operating systems.

• See the 'Hardware capacity planning for your Splunk deployment' in the Splunk documentation

Guidelines on the sizing needs of a deployment server [5]Platform and Hardware Requirements [6]

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• Install OS of choice, decide on the mount points for your warm, cold and frozen data.
• Verify Network connectivity, ports [7]
• Create a local Splunk account and a splunk domain user for system activities.

Ensure Splunk Admin has installed or downloaded the necessary software.

ES is typically setup in a distributed Splunk deployment which consists of different systems which are dedicated to running Splunk, configured in the following roles;

1. Splunk Indexer(s)
2. Splunk Search Head for License Master, Deployment Server, and other Apps
3. Splunk Dedicated Forwarder on Windows OS for if Microsoft Data Sources
4. Splunk Dedicated Forwarder on Linux for Syslog, and appliance data sources
5. Splunk Search Head for only Enterprise Security App.

Vista hack password. Review these links for the latest Splunk Core Deployment information:Splunk deploymenthttp://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/ES/latest/Install/DeploymentPlanning[8]

Splunk Universal Forwarder Downloadhttp://www.splunk.com/en_us/download/universal-forwarder.html[9]

Splunk Enterprise Downloadhttp://www.splunk.com/en_us/download/splunk-enterprise.html[10]

Splunk Apps https://splunkbase.splunk.com/[11]

Planning to collect Enterprise Security Data Sources

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• Review Current log collection capabilities and goals
• Understand the data sources that are required and recommended to make the most meaningful correlations for security content for your organization.

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• Consider Data Sources for perimeters like firewalls, core routers, etc.
• Consider Data Sources for internal appliances like IDS, IPS, DNS, ActiveDirectory, LDAP
• Consider Collecting windows logs, by deploying out the Splunk Universal Forwarder to Windows Servers
• Consider other operating system logs, e.g. Linux, Solaris, and deploy a Splunk Universal Forwarder
• Consider the destination of syslog traffic sources to a log management system.
• Consider Data sources for Assets and Identities *** critical to using Splunk workflow

1. Assets and Identities http://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/ES/latest/User/Identitymanagement

Assets and Identities Lists and Feeds

Plan and develop the Assets and Identities feeds with attention to identify the known/Expected devices and hostsThese are key files to make sure are filled out to the best of the ability of the system owner.

This includes understanding your enterprise's assets and identities on the 'blue' team defenders side. With an authoritative source of valid assets (servers, workstations, phones, etc.) and valid identities (admins, guests, users) then an understanding of the enterprise's overall security posture can be established.

Assets (blue team systems) : Think about DMZ, crown jewels, ftp systems, vendor gateways, financial servers, HR serversIdentities (blue team access) : Think about privileged user groups, administrators, services accounts, vendor accounts, ftp accounts

assets.csv

• You need at minimum the IP addresses of the systems you want to gather data from and enter these into this csv file.
• Plan to have a script run from a cmdb or a network nMAP scan to collect this data regularly about the environment

Plan to survey server owners on the impact of data compromise of their systems. Establish criticality of assets by bunit.

Note: This default set of column headers must be in any asset file you use.ip,mac,nt_host,dns,owner,priority,lat,long,city,country,bunit,category,pci_domain,is_expected,should_timesync,should_update,requires_av

identities.csv You need at minimum a list of known default, privileged, service and administrator accounts. All members of the security team, key data access users, e.g. privileged accounts.

Use this CSV header line for identity information:identity,prefix,nick,first,last,suffix,email,phone,phone2,managedBy,priority,bunit,category,watchlist,startDate,endDate

IF YOU HAVE AD / LDAP ACCESS here is a sample search |ldapsearch domain= search='(&(objectclass=user)(!(objectClass=computer)))'|makemv userAccountControl|search userAccountControl='NORMAL_ACCOUNT'

If you are collecting Windows Active Directory information then a search like this will help validate you have added them to assets.

index=msad sourcetype=ActiveDirectory | stats count by host | rename host as asset | sort +count | join [| `assets`] Fifa 09 soundtrack.

Interdependencies with other teams, systems

• Need a firewall / proxy whitelist for *.splunk.com with web proxy for software notifications and updates
• Need a firewall / proxy Whitelist rule to allow access to download the desired threatlists and APIs to enrich data, e.g. blocklists, arin.net, etc.
• Create firewall routes for assets that will forward data to the Heavy Forwarder, or Indexers
• See Splunk Ports Network connectivity - What are the Splunk ports that I need to open [12]
• Verify DNS is configured on the network
• Verify NTP is configured correctly with the right time on Splunk devices

• Collect SMTP server and credentials
• Collect LDAP server and credentials
• Create SSL certificates for each Splunk device

• Create a VIP and DNS entry for the search head tier.
• Create a VIP and DNS entry for the forwarding tirer, e.g. syslog, heavy forwarders
• Create a VIP and DNS entry for clustermater, deploymentserver

• Service Accounts for a Splunk System User
• Splunk Administrator Accounts, needs access to Splunk Servers (SSH or RDP)
• All Accounts need access to Splunk configurations and indexes (read/write access to filesystems)
• If Sign Sign on is desired then access to; LDAP, AD, Apache HTTP (web proxy, SSO)
• If Database connections are desired, a database service account for Splunk needs to be created.

Create a domain windows service account for splunk userCreate a local user on linux for splunkCreate splunk groups in the domain

Identify a SME for each technology add-on you want to deploy and feed into ES.

Develop a TA for your data sources and install on the Indexer and Enterprise Security Search Head. [17]

When developing a TA for ES consider these necessary field extractions: [18]

Review the standard logging for other device types like these:

Cisco Devices -Know which components you have installed, FWSM, ASA, PIX, ACS [19]

When gathering log types, consider other teams use cases. -E.g. collecting UCS logs may or may not be relevant to some security teams but is interesting to a NOC.

Installing Splunk Enterprise Security Application

If you have a support contract for Enterprise Security, then you can download the SPL file from SplunkBase.Contact your Splunk Sales team if you need access.

Before getting started take a look at known issueshttp://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/ES/latest/RN/KnownIssues

On the Dedicated Enterprise Security Search Head, perform the following:

• install the SPL file for the app on the SH

Install Prerequisites [16] Current version of Splunk Enterprise Security is 3.0 for Linux [17]Add it by going to to manage apps, and add the Splunk Enterprise Security App SPL file

• Install Enterprise Security App

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Install Prerequisites [13]Current version of Splunk Enterprise Security is 3.0 for Linux [14]

• Add it by going to to manage apps, and add the Splunk Enterprise Security App SPL file

When you install Splunk Enterprise Security SSL will be turned on automatically. You need to install your own certs for these servers. Enable SSL/HTTPS [14]

• Enable SSL/HTTPS [15]

When you install Splunk Enterprise Security SSL will be turned on automatically. You need to install your own certs for these servers.

• Set the system-wide ui-prefs.conf to limit time range picker from All Time to Last 24 hours or Last 7 days instead of All Time.
• Configure with SMTP information for sending email alerts Setup an email alert to test SMTP [15]
• Setup an email alert to test SMTP [16]
• Outputs.conf should be deployed from the DS and set the SH to forward it's logs the indexer
• Configure with LDAP information for users to sign on
• Create users and roles e.g. LDAP strategy

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Suggested groups are Splunk Admins, ES Admins, Splunk Power Users, ES Analysts, should have mappings to some LDAP group.

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• Get the Proxy information for system updates at splunk.com and various threat-lists
• Disable/ Remove unnecessary ES configuration apps.
• Disable views and saved searches for data sources that do not apply to this environment
• Change all the ES Real-time searches to Scheduled. Disable all the ones that are not in use.
• Disable demo assets and demo identities located at https://splunk:8000/en-US/manager/SplunkEnterpriseSecuritySuite/data/inputs/identity_manager
• Put the Splunk systems, and other appliances and physical systems in the static asset list with is_expected=true.
• Put the Splunk Admins, the Domain Admins in an elevated identity group, such as 'high', put root /admin accounts in critical.
• Install Apps SA-*, TA-*, as needed by data sources. See Splunk Base.

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You are looking for SPLUNK_ or CIM compliant add-ons for best use with ES.

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